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| Sedentarisation of Nomadic People |
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The Case of the Hawawir in Um Jawasir, Northern Sudan.
DCG Report 24
Size: 367 kb
Kjersti Larsen and Manal Hassan
This study explores problems of settlement with regard to nomadic pastoralist communities. The focus of this study is the Hawawir community in Wadi Al Mugaddam in the Bayoda desert, Northern Sudan. The Hawawir were severely affected by the droughts in the Sahel region during the mid-1980. Due to loss of their livestock and thus, famine, most of the Hawawir had to leave their ‘homeland’ in the desert. As a result of this severe situation, they became so-called ‘displaced’ in the outskirts of urban areas in the Nile Valley where they secured their survival on relief as well as daily or causal work as either agricultural labourers, as workers in building construction, or as house servants (Larsen 2001, Larsen & Hassan 2001, 1999; Hassan 2002). The situation of ‘displacement’ was, especially when relief activities phased out in 1986, perceived as a major problem, both by the Nile communities and the government. Following from this, the planning of a possible repatriation of the nomadic pastoral population was initiated. Personnel at the University of Khartoum were contacted by UNEP in 1985 to undertake a feasibility study and found that Wadi Al Mugaddam possesses a rich fresh-water aquifer at a reasonable depth and soil of sufficient quality for irrigated agriculture (ADRA, LUDCA and IES 1999).
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